LICENCE

@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-MIT License
-
-Copyright (c) 2026 Christos Choutouridis <cchoutou@ece.auth.gr>
-
-Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
-in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
-to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
-copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
-copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
-OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
-SOFTWARE.

Readme.md

@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
-# Password Manager Security Assignment
-
-## About
-
-This repository contains an improved and secured version of a simplified web-based password manager.
-The project was developed in the context of a university assignment on Aristotle's University of Thessaloniki(AUTh) Information Systems Security class.
-The original application intentionally contained multiple security vulnerabilities.
-The purpose of this work was to identify, analyze, and mitigate these vulnerabilities using well-established security practices.
-
-The application is implemented in PHP and uses a MySQL database for data storage.
-The deployment is fully containerized using Docker and Docker Compose, ensuring reproducibility and ease of execution across different operating systems.
-
-## Architecture Overview
-
-The application is deployed as a multi-container system.
-Each component has a clearly defined role and responsibility.
-All services are isolated and communicate only through Docker-managed networks.
-
-Components:
-- Web Application (PHP)
-- Database (MySQL)
-- Reverse Proxy and HTTPS (Caddy)
-
-## Deployment Instructions
-
-The deployment process is identical for Linux and Windows.
-The only requirement is a working Docker installation.
-
-### Prerequisites
-
-- Docker
-- Docker Compose (included in modern Docker installations)
-
-No additional software such as Apache, PHP, or MySQL is required on the host system.
-
-### Deployment on Linux
-
-1. Open a terminal.
-2. Navigate to the project directory containing `docker-compose.yml`.
-3. Run the following command:
-    ```bash
-    docker compose up -d --build
-    ```
-4. Wait until all containers are built and started.
-5. Access the application through your browser using: https://localhost
-
-### Deployment on Windows
-
-1. Install Docker Desktop for Windows.
-2. Ensure that WSL2 is enabled (Docker Desktop will guide you automatically).
-3. Open PowerShell or Command Prompt.
-4. Navigate to the project directory containing docker-compose.yml.
-5. Run the following command:
-    ```bash
-    docker compose up -d --build
-    ```
-6. Once the containers are running, open a browser and navigate to: https://localhost
-
-### Notes on Reproducibility
-
-The use of Docker ensures that:
-- The application behaves identically on all supported operating systems
-- No manual configuration of web servers or databases is required
-- Environment-specific issues are minimized
-
-This approach allows evaluators to focus on the security aspects of the application rather than deployment complexity.
-
-## Disclaimer
-
-This project was developed solely for educational purposes.
-It is provided "as is", without any express or implied warranties.
-The author assumes no responsibility for any misuse, data loss, security incidents, or damages resulting from the use of this software.
-This implementation should not be used in production environments.
-
-All work, modifications, and security improvements are the sole responsibility of the author.

passman-dev/Caddyfile

@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-# HTTP site: redirect everything to HTTPS
-http://localhost {
-    redir https://{host}{uri} permanent
-}
-
-# HTTPS site
-https://localhost {
-    reverse_proxy web:80
-    tls internal
-
-    # Optional: security headers (defense-in-depth)
-    header {
-        X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff"
-        X-Frame-Options "DENY"
-        Referrer-Policy "no-referrer"
-    }
-}
-
-

passman-dev/Readme.md

@@ -1,93 +0,0 @@
-# Password Manager Security Application
-
-
-## Architecture Overview
-
-The application is deployed as a multi-container system.
-Each component has a clearly defined role and responsibility.
-All services are isolated and communicate only through Docker-managed networks.
-
-## Components
-
-### Web Application (PHP)
-
-The web service hosts the PHP-based password manager application.
-It is responsible for:
-- User authentication and session handling
-- Secure storage and retrieval of credentials
-- Input validation and output sanitization
-- Interaction with the database through restricted credentials
-
-The PHP application runs inside its own container and does not expose any ports directly to the host system.
-
-### Database (MySQL)
-
-The database service provides persistent storage for:
-- User accounts
-- Stored credentials
-- Application data
-
-Security improvements include:
-- Use of a dedicated database user with limited privileges
-- Separation of database credentials via environment variables
-- Isolation of the database service from direct external access
-
-
-### Reverse Proxy and HTTPS (Caddy)
-
-Caddy is used as a reverse proxy in front of the web application.
-It provides:
-- Automatic HTTP to HTTPS redirection
-- Internal TLS certificate generation
-- Secure termination of HTTPS connections
-- Optional security-related HTTP headers
-
-All external access to the application is handled exclusively by Caddy.
-
-
-## Deployment Instructions
-
-The deployment process is identical for Linux and Windows.
-The only requirement is a working Docker installation.
-
-
-### Prerequisites
-
-- Docker
-- Docker Compose (included in modern Docker installations)
-
-No additional software such as Apache, PHP, or MySQL is required on the host system.
-
-
-### Deployment on Linux
-
-1. Open a terminal.
-2. Navigate to the project directory containing `docker-compose.yml`.
-3. Run the following command:
-    ```bash
-    docker compose up -d --build
-    ```
-4. Wait until all containers are built and started.
-5. Access the application through your browser using: https://localhost
-
-### Deployment on Windows
-
-1. Install Docker Desktop for Windows.
-2. Ensure that WSL2 is enabled (Docker Desktop will guide you automatically).
-3. Open PowerShell or Command Prompt.
-4. Navigate to the project directory containing docker-compose.yml.
-5. Run the following command:
-    ```bash
-    docker compose up -d --build
-    ```
-6. Once the containers are running, open a browser and navigate to: https://localhost
-
-### Notes on Reproducibility
-
-The use of Docker ensures that:
-- The application behaves identically on all supported operating systems
-- No manual configuration of web servers or databases is required
-- Environment-specific issues are minimized
-
-This approach allows evaluators to focus on the security aspects of the application rather than deployment complexity.
-

passman-dev/db/init/01-create-pwd_mgr-db-withData.sql

@@ -22,12 +22,6 @@ CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `dummy` (
   `id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL
 ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
 
--- Create a dedicated DB user for the web application (least privilege).
--- Grant only the required privileges on the application database.
-CREATE USER IF NOT EXISTS 'passman_app'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'passman_app_pw';
-GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON pwd_mgr.* TO 'passman_app'@'%';
-FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
-
 CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `login_users` (
   `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
   `username` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
@@ -37,7 +31,7 @@ CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `login_users` (
 ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
 
 INSERT INTO `login_users` (`id`, `username`, `password`) VALUES
-	(1, 'u1', '$2y$10$L18u5/PyVkDgsce/DsUOQu0sKhTzh854Euhog3cVb1W4YAfgRzY8W'); -- php -r 'echo password_hash("p1", PASSWORD_DEFAULT), PHP_EOL;'
+	(1, 'u1', 'p1');
 
 CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `notes` (
   `notesid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

passman-dev/docker-compose.yml

@@ -2,30 +2,18 @@
 services:
   web:
     build: .
-    # ports:
-    #   - "80:80"
+    ports:
+      - "80:80"
     volumes:
       - ./php:/var/www/html
     environment:
       DB_HOST: db
+      DB_USER: root
+      DB_PASS: rootpass
       DB_NAME: pwd_mgr
-      DB_USER: passman_app
-      DB_PASS: passman_app_pw
     depends_on:
       - db
 
-  proxy:
-    image: caddy:2
-    ports:
-      - "80:80"
-      - "443:443"
-    volumes:
-      - ./Caddyfile:/etc/caddy/Caddyfile:ro
-      - caddy_data:/data
-      - caddy_config:/config
-    depends_on:
-      - web
-
   db:
     image: mariadb:11
     container_name: passman_db
@@ -42,6 +30,4 @@ services:
 
 volumes:
   dbdata:
-  caddy_data:
-  caddy_config:
 

passman-dev/php/passman/config.php

@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 // NOTE: In Docker, the DB host is the service name (e.g., "db"), not "localhost".
 
 $DB_HOST = getenv('DB_HOST') ?: 'db';
-$DB_USER = getenv('DB_USER') ?: 'passman_app';
-$DB_PASS = getenv('DB_PASS') ?: 'passman_app_pw';
+$DB_USER = getenv('DB_USER') ?: 'root';
+$DB_PASS = getenv('DB_PASS') ?: 'rootpass';
 $DB_NAME = getenv('DB_NAME') ?: 'pwd_mgr';
 
 // Create a DB connection.

passman-dev/php/passman/dashboard.php

@@ -99,23 +99,16 @@ $stmt->close();
 
 
 //echo htmlspecialchars($username);
-$safe_username = htmlspecialchars($username, ENT_QUOTES | ENT_SUBSTITUTE, "UTF-8");
-echo "<h3>Entries of " . $safe_username . "</h3>";
+echo "<h3>Entries of " . $username . "</h3>";
 
 if (!empty($result) && $result->num_rows >= 1) {
 	while ($row = $result -> fetch_assoc()) {
-		// Escape output to prevent stored XSS (DB content must be treated as untrusted).
-		$safe_url  = htmlspecialchars($row["web_url"], ENT_QUOTES | ENT_SUBSTITUTE, "UTF-8");
-		$safe_user = htmlspecialchars($row["web_username"], ENT_QUOTES | ENT_SUBSTITUTE, "UTF-8");
-		$safe_pass = htmlspecialchars($row["web_password"], ENT_QUOTES | ENT_SUBSTITUTE, "UTF-8");
-		$webid_safe = (int)$row["webid"];
-
 		echo "<table border=0>";
-		echo	"<tr style='background-color: #f4f4f4;'><td colspan=2>" . $safe_url . "</td></tr>" . 
-				"<tr><td>Username: " . $safe_user . "</td><td>Password: " . $safe_pass  . "</td></tr>";
+		echo	"<tr style='background-color: #f4f4f4;'><td colspan=2>" . $row["web_url"] . "</td></tr>" . 
+				"<tr><td>Username: " . $row["web_username"] . "</td><td>Password: " . $row["web_password"] . "</td></tr>";
 
 		echo	"<tr><td><form method='POST' style='height: 3px'>" . 
-				"<input type='hidden' name='websiteid' value='" . $webid_safe . "'>" .
+				"<input type='hidden' name='websiteid' value='" . $row["webid"] . "'>" .
 				"<button type='submit' name='delete_website'>Delete</button></form></td></tr>";
 
 		echo	"<tr><td colspan=2 style=height: 20px;></td></tr>";

passman-dev/php/passman/index.html

@@ -15,23 +15,23 @@
 	<br />
 	<ul>
 		<li>
-			<a href="/passman/register.php">Registration Form</a>
+			<a href="http://localhost/passman/register.php">Registration Form</a>
 		</li>
 		<br />
 		<li>
-			<a href="/passman/login.php">Login Page</a>
+			<a href="http://localhost/passman/login.php">Login Page</a>
 		</li>
 		<br />
 		<li>
-			<a href="/passman/logout.php">Logout Page</a>
+			<a href="http://localhost/passman/logout.php">Logout Page</a>
 		</li>
 		<br />
 		<li>
-			<a href="/passman/dashboard.php">Dashboard</a> (display passwords for websites)
+			<a href="http://localhost/passman/dashboard.php">Dashboard</a> (display passwords for websites)
 		</li>
 		<br />
 		<li>
-			<a href="/passman/notes.php">Notes</a> (notes/comments/announcements)
+			<a href="http://localhost/passman/notes.php">Notes</a> (notes/comments/announcements)
 		</li>
 		<br />
 	</ul>
@@ -41,18 +41,18 @@
 	<br />
 	<ul>
 		<li>
-			Test <a href="/passman/test_hash.php">hashing</a> functions in PHP (server side)
+			Test <a href="http://localhost/passman/test_hash.php">hashing</a> functions in PHP (server side)
 		</li>
 		<br />
 		<li>
-			Test <a href="/passman/test_encrypt.php">encrypting/decrypting</a> functions in PHP (server side)
+			Test <a href="http://localhost/passman/test_encrypt.php">encrypting/decrypting</a> functions in PHP (server side)
 		</li>
 		<br />
 	</ul>
 
 	<br />
 	&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hacker's side (for using stealing cookies using XSS):
-	<a href="/passman/xss">passman/xss</a>
+	<a href="http://localhost/passman/xss">http://localhost/passman/xss</a>
 	<br />
 
 </body>

passman-dev/php/passman/login.php

@@ -26,30 +26,22 @@ if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] === "POST") {
 		// }
 		require_once __DIR__ . "/config.php";
 
-		// Authentication with hashed passwords:
-		// 1) Fetch the stored hash by username
 		// SQL injection mitigation: use a prepared statement with bound parameters.
 		// User input is treated strictly as data, not as part of the SQL syntax.
-		// 2) Verify the submitted password with password_verify()
-		$stmt = $conn->prepare("SELECT id, password FROM login_users WHERE username = ?");
+		$stmt = $conn->prepare("SELECT id FROM login_users WHERE username = ? AND password = ?");
+
 		if ($stmt === false) {
 			// Fail closed (do not leak details in production).
 			die("Prepare failed.");
 		}
 
-		$stmt->bind_param("s", $username);
+		$stmt->bind_param("ss", $username, $password);
 		$stmt->execute();
-
-		$result = $stmt->get_result();  // Requires mysqlnd (usually enabled)
+		$stmt->store_result();   // Needed to use $stmt->num_rows
 		unset($_POST['username']);
 		unset($_POST['password']);
 
-		if ($result && $result->num_rows === 1) {
-			$row = $result->fetch_assoc();
-			$stored_hash = $row["password"];
-
-			// Verify password against the stored hash.
-			if (password_verify($password, $stored_hash)) {
+		if ($stmt->num_rows >= 1) {
 			// Regenerate session ID to prevent session fixation!
 			//session_regenerate_id(true);
 
@@ -57,20 +49,23 @@ if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] === "POST") {
 			$_SESSION['username'] = $username;
 			$_SESSION['loggedin'] = true;
 
-				$stmt->close();
-				$conn->close();
+			//while ($row = $result -> fetch_assoc()) {
+			//	print_r($row);
+			//	$_SESSION['user_id'] = $row['id'];
+			//}
 
+			// Close
+			$stmt->close();
+			$conn -> close();
+
+			// Redirect to a dashboard page
 			header("Location: dashboard.php");
 			exit;
 		} else {
 			$login_message = "Invalid username or password";
 		}
-		} else {
-			$login_message = "Invalid username or password";
-		}
-
 		$stmt->close();
-		$conn->close();
+		$conn -> close();
 	}
 }
 ?>

passman-dev/php/passman/notes.php

@@ -84,17 +84,12 @@ echo "<h3>List of notes/comments</h3>";
 
 if (!empty($result) && $result->num_rows >= 1) {
 	while ($row = $result -> fetch_assoc()) {
-        // Escape output to prevent stored XSS (DB content must be treated as untrusted).
-        $safe_note = htmlspecialchars($row["note"], ENT_QUOTES | ENT_SUBSTITUTE, "UTF-8");
-        $safe_user = htmlspecialchars($row["username"], ENT_QUOTES | ENT_SUBSTITUTE, "UTF-8");
-
 		echo "<div class='note'>";
-        echo    "<div class='note-content'>" . $safe_note . "</div>";
-        echo    "<div class='note-signature'> by " . $safe_user . "</div>";
+		echo	"<div class='note-content'>" . $row["note"] . "</div>";
+		echo	"<div class='note-signature'> by " . $row["username"] . "</div>";
 		echo "</div>";
 	}
 
-
 	// Free result set
 	$result -> free_result();
 } else {

passman-dev/php/passman/register.php

@@ -37,17 +37,8 @@ if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] === "POST") {
 			$login_message = "Database error (prepare failed).";
 			$result = false;
 		} else {
-			// Hash the password before storing it.
-			// Never store login passwords in plaintext.
-			$password_hash = password_hash($new_password, PASSWORD_DEFAULT);
-			if ($password_hash === false) {
-				$login_message = "Password hashing failed.";
-				$result = false;
-			} else {
-				// Store the hash (not the plaintext password).
-				$stmt->bind_param("ss", $new_username, $password_hash);
+			$stmt->bind_param("ss", $new_username, $new_password);
 			$result = $stmt->execute();
-			}
 			$stmt->close();
 		}
 

passman-dev/php/passman/test_encrypt.php

@@ -1,84 +0,0 @@
-<?php
-// Simple example of encrypting/decrypting data using a password
-
-function getPasswordHash_Bin($username, $password) {
-    $salt = hash('sha256', $username, true);	// Compute salt as the hash of the username (parameter 'true' computes hash in bin format, default is hex)
-    $saltedPwd = $salt . $password;				// Get a salted password by combining salt and password
-    $hashedPwd = hash('sha256', $saltedPwd, true);	// Hash the salted password using SHA-256
-    // Return the password hash and the salt
-    return [
-        'hash' => $hashedPwd,
-        'salt' => $salt
-    ];
-}
-
-function deriveEncryptionKey($username, $password) {
-    // Compute binary hash of salted-password (and salt) from username and password
-    $pwdHash = getPasswordHash_Bin($username, $password);
-
-    // Derive a secure key using PBKDF2
-    $iterations = 100000; // Number of iterations for PBKDF2
-    $keyLength = 32; // Key length = 32 bytes for AES-256
-    $key = hash_pbkdf2('sha256', $pwdHash['hash'], $pwdHash['salt'], $iterations, $keyLength, true); // Parameter 'true' computes hash_pbkdf2 in bin
-    return $key;
-}
-
-// Encrypt data using AES-256-GCM
-function encryptData($data, $key) {
-    $nonce = random_bytes(12); // 12 bytes for AES-GCM nonce
-    $cipher = "aes-256-gcm";
-
-    // Encrypt the data
-    $ciphertext = openssl_encrypt($data, $cipher, $key, OPENSSL_RAW_DATA, $nonce, $tag);
-
-    //echo "nonce: " . bin2hex($nonce) . "<br>";;
-    //echo "tag: " . bin2hex($tag) . "<br>";;
-
-    // Concatenate nonce, tag, and ciphertext for storage
-    $result = $nonce . $tag . $ciphertext;
-    return base64_encode($result); // Encode to make it suitable for storage or transmission
-}
-
-// Decrypt data using AES-256-GCM, extracting nonce, tag, and ciphertext from the concatenated string
-function decryptData($encryptedData, $key) {
-    $cipher = "aes-256-gcm";
-
-    // Decode the base64-encoded data
-    $encryptedData = base64_decode($encryptedData);
-
-    // Extract nonce (12 bytes), tag (16 bytes), and ciphertext
-    $nonce = substr($encryptedData, 0, 12);
-    $tag = substr($encryptedData, 12, 16);
-    $ciphertext = substr($encryptedData, 28);
-
-    // Decrypt the data
-    $decryptedData = openssl_decrypt($ciphertext, $cipher, $key, OPENSSL_RAW_DATA, $nonce, $tag);
-
-    return $decryptedData;
-}
-
-
-// Example Usage
-$username = "user123";
-$password = "securepassword";
-$dataToEncrypt = "Sensitive Data";
-
-// Derive a symmetric encryption/dec key by hashing the password (and username as the salt) using PBKDF2 algorithm
-$encryptionKey = deriveEncryptionKey($username, $password);
-
-// Encrypt the data
-$encrypted = encryptData($dataToEncrypt, $encryptionKey);
-
-// Decrypt the data
-$decrypted = decryptData($encrypted, $encryptionKey);
-
-// Display results
-echo "Original Data: $dataToEncrypt<br>";
-//echo "Encryption Key (in bin): " . $encryptionKey . "<br>";
-//echo "Encryption Key (in hex): " . bin2hex($encryptionKey) . "<br>";
-echo "Encrypted Data (in base64): " . $encrypted . "<br>";
-//echo "Encrypted Data (in bin): " . base64_decode($encrypted) . "<br>";
-//echo "Encrypted Data (in hex): " . bin2hex(base64_decode($encrypted)) . "<br>";
-echo "Decrypted Data: $decrypted<br>";
-
-?>

passman-dev/php/passman/test_hash.php

@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-<?php
-// Simple example of hashing password
-
-$username = "user123";
-$password = "securepassword";
-
-// Compute salt as the hash of the username
-$salt = hash('sha256', $username);
-
-// Get a salted password by combining salt and password
-$saltedPwd = $salt . $password;
-
-// Hash the salted password using SHA-256
-$hashedPwd = hash('sha256', $saltedPwd);
-
-// Display variables
-echo "Username: $username<br>";
-echo "Password: $password<br>";
-
-echo "Salt (computed as the username's hash): $salt<br>";
-echo "Salted password: $saltedPwd<br>";
-echo "Hash of salted password: $hashedPwd<br>";
-echo "<p>";
-
-
-// Same as above but using a function
-
-function getPasswordHash_Hex($username, $password) {
-    // Compute hash of salted-password (and salt) from username and password (in hex format)
-    $salt = hash('sha256', $username);	// Compute salt as the hash of the username
-    $saltedPwd = $salt . $password;		// Get a salted password by combining salt and password
-    $hashedPwd = hash('sha256', $saltedPwd);	// Hash the salted password using SHA-256
-    // Return the password hash and the salt
-    return [
-        'hash' => $hashedPwd,
-        'salt' => $salt
-    ];
-}
-
-// Example usage of function getPasswordHash
-$getHasedPwd = getPasswordHash_Hex($username, $password);
-// Display results
-echo "Salt (in hex) computed using function getPasswordHash_Hex: " . $getHasedPwd['salt'] . "<br>";
-echo "Hash (in hex) computed using function getPasswordHash_Hex: " . $getHasedPwd['hash'] . "<br>";
-
-?>

passman-dev/php/passman/xss/stolencookies.txt

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-
-PHPSESSID=2c215dd41fe1090a5da5d0f3adc6ba64
-PHPSESSID=2c215dd41fe1090a5da5d0f3adc6ba64

passman-dev/php/xss/stolencookies.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+PHPSESSID=knjfug3u4gavdas9o4eupe38l1; seclab_user=u1
+seclab_user=u1; PHPSESSID=o1mg400lipd2mck69kpfnl6p5s